Mu ntango, amatara y’ibara ry’agahama (LED) yakoreshwa nk’amatara yerekana ibintu mu bikoresho no mu bipimo. Mu nyuma, amatara y’amabara atandukanye yarakoreshejwe cane mu matara y’umuhanda no mu bimenyetso vy’ahantu hanini, ivyo bikaba vyatuma habaho inyungu nyinshi mu vy’ubutunzi no mu mibano. Nk’akarorero, itara ry’umutuku ry’amasentimetero 12{4}} muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, mu ntango ryakoresha itara ry’umuco ry’amawatt 140 ry’ubuzima buramba, ry’ubushobozi buke, nk’inkomoko y’umuco waryo, rikazana umuco w’umweru w’amalumensi 2000. Amaze guca mu kayunguruzo gatukura, 90% vy’umuco vyarazimangana, hasigaye gusa 200 lumens z’umuco w’umutuku. Mu rumuri rwayo rushasha rwakozwe, hakoreshejwe amatara 18 y’umutuku, akoresha ama watts 14 gusa harimwo n’ugutakaza kw’imirongo, kugira ngo ashobore gutanga umuco nk’uwo nyene.
Amatara y’ibimenyetso vy’imodoka ni ikindi kibanza gihambaye co gukoresha amatara ya LED. Mu mwaka w’1987, igihugu canje caratanguye gushiramwo amatara y’amafirime ateye hejuru-ku modoka. Kubera umuvuduko w’inyishu wihuta w’ama LED (urugero rwa nanosecond), abashoferi b’ibinyabiziga bikurikira barashobora kumenyeshwa imbere y’igihe ivy’ugutwara, bikagabanya ugutombora kw’inyuma-iherezo.
Ikindi, amatara ya LED akoreshwa hanze mu bimenyetso vy’amabara yuzuye-y’umutuku, icatsi kibisi, n’ubururu, amatara mato mato y’urufunguzo-, n’ibindi.
Amatara yera: Ku rumuri rusangi, amatara yera ni yo yifuzwa cane. Amatara yera yarakozwe neza mu 1998. Ayo matara akorwa mu gufatanya igice c’umubiri citwa GaN n’igice c’umubiri citwa yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG).
Igipande ca GaN gitanga umuco w’ubururu (λp{0}}nm, Wd=30nm). Ce3+-irimwo phosphor ya YAG, ivuye mu bushuhe bwinshi, itanga umuco w’umuhondo iyo ivyuriwe umutima n’uwo muco w’ubururu, ikaba ifise uburebure bw’umuvuduko bw’isonga bwa 550nm. Igikoresho c’ubururu c’umuco w’izuba gishirwa mu mfuruka y’igikombe-igaragaza umuco kandi gipfutswe n’igice c’ibara ry’agahama kivanze na YAG, gifise uburebure bwa 200-500nm. Igice c’umuco w’ubururu uva ku gicapo c’amatara y’izuba (LED) kinywanywa n’ico gikoresho citwa phosphore, mu gihe umuco w’ubururu usigaye uvangwa n’umuco w’umuhondo uva kuri iyo phosphore kugira ngo uvemwo umuco w’umweru. Ku matara y’umweru ya InGaN/YAG, mu guhindura imiterere y’imiti y’ibara ry’umuhondo rya YAG no guhindura uburemere bw’ibara ry’umuco ry’ibara ry’umuhondo, amabara atandukanye y’umuco w’umweru ufise ubushuhe bw’amabara buva kuri 3500-10000K arashobora kuronka.
Imbonerahamwe 1 irerekana ubwoko bw'amatara yera ariho ubu n'ingingo ngenderwako zayo-zitanga umuco. Iryo mbonerahamwe ryerekana kandi ko ubwoko bumwe bumwe bw’amatara y’umuco w’amatara yera bwishingikiriza ku mafosifore ane: amabara atatu y’intango-atari menshi-amafosifore y’umutuku w’isi, icatsi kibisi, n’ubururu-n’amafosifore y’umuhondo afise imiterere ya garnet. Amatara atatu-y’uburebure bw’umuvuduko, akoresha ibice vy’umuco w’izuba bitagira ubuzima bifise amafoto RGB yo gupfuka amatara yera, bitezwe ko azogira amahirwe yo gucuruzwa. Ariko rero, ubunini bw’ibihimba n’ugushikama bisabwa ku bijanye n’izo phosphore zitatu z’amabara y’intango ni bito cane, kandi uburyo zikoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye buracariko buratohozwa.
Ubu, igikoresho ca mbere kigurishwa ni ubururu bumwe-chip LED bufise phosphore y’umuhondo ya YAG, bushika ku bushobozi bwiza bwo gutanga umuco bugera kuri 25 lumens/watt. YAG icuruzwa cane cane mu kigo ca Nichia Corporation co mu Buyapani, igura ama yuan 2000/kg. Ubwoko bwa kabiri ni amatara yera yakozwe n’ishirahamwe ry’amashanyarazi ryitwa Sumitomo Electric Industries ryo mu Buyapani rikoresheje ZnSe nk’igikoresho, ariko rifise ubushobozi bwo gutanga umuco buke.
